Index - B

back end defined

• environments and backend supercomputing, and to improve
• into the thousands) of back-end WAIS engines to respond to a single
• to provide additional back-end services through your Web pages .

• CompuServe Corporate Background CompuServe News and Announcements
• (CompuServe corporate background ). CIS online information sources
• 1-88-22080-48) Detail: Background The Internet offers access to
• GIFs allow the background of the page to show areas of the
• to use the page background color ("bgcolor") Netscape
• able to determine the background , select graphics , fonts, and
• sites. W3E References: background gif transparent gif
• a light or dark background ), a pixel varies only in brightness
• entries' which collect background or sidelight information on hacker
• work: Somewhere in the background , laboring in obscurity, you'll find
• to be executed in the background after a delay. The command "
• blends in with any background on a Web page , whether explicitly
• redefine that page 's background . Transparent Images The Yahoo page
• galore. W3E References background GIF interlaced GIF Graphics for Web
• if the user has set a background color that differs from that the
• then uses FTP in the background to transfer the requested file).
• with an interesting background. A Princeton and multiple University
• for it. When using a background image, keep it small, keep the color
• the text color and the background image. Use graphics sparingly.
• of images. Netscape 's background sampler A collection of seamless
• collection of seamless background images. Image Finder A search tool
• This function requires background programming, please refer to W3
• link for the figure background . "circle x, y, r" - Where
• of this document . BACKGROUND This can be used to specify a URI
• to cover the document background . This provides a way of giving a
• contrast with the background . Context: < BODY > is legal
• /HEAD> < BODY BACKGROUND =graphics/logo. gif > The body of
• the color of the background or similar. ERROR This attribute
• image for use as the background of a SCRIBBLE, IMAGE, SUBMIT or
• applies to fields with background images, i.e. SCRIBBLE, IMAGE, SUBMIT
• the color of the background or similar. ERROR This attribute
• choice for the menu background . "circle x, y, r" Where x
• the color of the background or similar. ERROR This attribute
• the color of the background or similar. ERROR This attribute

• was that the Internet backbone , the NSFnet, simply stopped
• to the Internet backbone . There is a growing trend toward
• since it is the backbone of net communications. URLs: The
• for the Internet , the backbone of the "information highway"

• The result is a wide bandwidth with fast data transfer and short
• results in increased bandwidth for greater transmission speed and
• channel for increased bandwidth (sometimes called inverse
• connection for a total bandwidth of 1.544Mbps. (European and Pacific
• The increase in bandwidth (and the ability to increase
• to increase effective bandwidth through bonding) have fostered the
• need for the increased bandwidth , ISDN is the best way to go until
• The greater the bandwidth of your provider's connection to the
• to the provider 's bandwidth . A 28.8-Kbps modem connection will
• W3E References: Mbps Bandwidth
• on the connection bandwidth . Processor memory lag may result
• Ethernet network link bandwidth Detail: LANs are cost-effective for
• are typically high bandwidth (greater than one megahertz). There
• MPPP combines the bandwidth of the connections to create a larger
• IP/TCP W3E References: Bandwidth Bandwidth is a theoretical maximum
• References: Bandwidth Bandwidth is a theoretical maximum capacity of

• UNIX shell s Korn Csh Bash
• beta testers to bash on your site and help you find mistakes,
• failure, or errors. Bash them thoroughly before considering your

• Board System ( BBS ) in the world. Today, there are over 7,000
• References newsgroup BBS e-mail URL Detail In the opening words of

• enters the " beta test " phase, which is a larger
• W3E References beta test
• W3E References: beta test A formal debugging procedure for new
• URL . W3E References: beta test production Web IP port address URL

• binary executable A binary executable is
• binary executable A binary executable is computer program in
• any translation. Hence binary executables can be directly executed
• architecture-neutral binary object resulting in speedy program
• notation (e.g., binary , ASCII , etc.). Encoding is also a
• text files binary -- Switch to binary mode, for
• of 8-bit " binary " data into printable 7-bit ASCII
• users to download binary versions of programs and sell them. The
• and sound through binary transfer, and also offers open-ended
• been converted from a binary format to an ASCII file. Files are
• kept in their original binary configuration. URLs: What is BinHex and
• been converted from a binary to BinHex ( ASCII ) format. A binary
• ( ASCII ) format. A binary formatted file can include anything from
• been converted from binary to an ASCII format, it appears as a
• and ensures that binary files can be transferred accurately.
• than the corresponding binary file. For this reason, it takes longer
• ( ASCII ) files than binary files. File Conversion and De
• 0 is the most popular binary to ASCII (text) converter available for
• back to its original binary form. Although BinHex was designed for
• the files back to a binary format. Xbin (36k) is available for
• BinHex files back to binary . Eudora and the PC user The popular
• consists of a 32 bit binary number. Because such a number would be
• a modem to translate binary computer data to and from analog form
• MIT Detail: MIF saves binary Framemaker documents in a text format.
• This allows complex binary Framemaker documents to undergo a
• User's Manual . The binary Framemaker files are converted to MIF
• designation for binary files received within the context of
• . W3E References: http binary helper application Detail: Every
• to see if the file is binary . If so, the files is designated as
• W3E References: screen binary Detail: If a pixel contains only two
• information. A bit ( BInary digiT) is the smallest unit of
• (assembled) into binary machine code ( machine language or
• been converted from a binary format to an ASCII (text) format. Files
• Files converted from binary to the ASCII format have been compressed
• been converted from a binary to an ASCII format. Files are converted
• back to its original binary format. File Decompression .sit can
• site. W3E References: binary executables GNU tools UNIX Print
• How of Uuencoding a Binary File W3E References: UUDecoding is the
• How of Uuencoding a Binary File W3E References: UUDecoding is the
• directory paths where binary files and man pages should be installed,

• site. W3E References: binary executables GNU tools UNIX Print

• tips W3E References: BIND network link server Internet IP Address
• References: DNS and BIND by Paul Albitz & Cricket Liu. O'Reilly and
• are examples of these. BIND is DNS server implementation that is

• was devised by the BITNET Information Centre to facilitate the
• listserv majordomo BITNET Detail: BITNET , an academic and
• BITNET Detail: BITNET , an academic and research mail network
• mailserver. Today BITNET is one of a number of mailing list
• (alternative) bit ( bitnet mailing lists) biz (business) comp

• is an example of the body of an email message bound for an Archie
• of the HTML tag < BODY >...</BODY> that specifies a
• to an image file: < BODY BACKGROUND=" http ://............/...
• W3E References: BODY The BODY tag was introduced with HTML 2.0.
• References: BODY The BODY tag was introduced with HTML 2.0.
• servers" in the body of the message. To obtain a list of all
• list, is a c ommon body element in an HTML document . URLs:
• .. <BLOCKQUOTE>> BODY ><DD><LI>
• first international body of standardization was the International
• by a standards body or committee. The Hayes AT command set has
• committee or standards body . De facto standards often precede de jure
• committee or standards body .
• as a separate data body , allowing for longer entries.
• a header and the body . The header includes all of the
• track the message. The body supplies all the textual information being
• no subject and in the body : send usenet/news
• that makes every body free to copy a program as long as the
• ...</HEAD> < BODY >--body elements, including < TITLE
• and preceding the < BODY > tag. (In most cases, the HTML , HEAD
• the HTML , HEAD and BODY tags can all be safely omitted.)
• title , heading , body and footer . URLs WWW Page Design and
• W3E References body footer Detail Below is an example of a
• </HEAD> < BODY > <P> Body Text <P> <
• BODY > <P> Body Text <P> </BODY> </HTML>
• standards body for the Internet even though the Internet
• to are those in the body of the message; it completely ignores
• help" in the body . The commands for all mailing lists on
• of a Title , Header, Body and Footer , lies somewhere in between.
• that precedes the body of data in a request . It indicates
• stumble across some body else's test Web by accident!). Populating
• The Web refers to the body of information available on the Net, while
• radically, and every body benefited. Today, Yahoo! contains
• heading or even the body . Always use a syntax check on your Web
• BIG> Big Print <BODY> Document Body <BODYTEXT> Body
• Document Body <BODYTEXT> Body Text <BOX> Math Box <
• </HEAD> < BODY > The content < ADDRESS > <
• a document head <BODY> ... <BODY> Body Blocks out a
• ... <BODY> Body Blocks out a document 's body <BASE>
• out a document 's body <BASE> Base Indicates complete
• <BLOCKQUOTE> <BODY> <BR> <CITE> <CODE>
• be inside the < BODY > tag s but can occur at the top or
• item inside the < BODY > tags. Attributes: None. Context: <
• <BLOCKQUOTE>< BODY ><FORM> The following markup can
• references within the body of the document . Attributes: HREF=" URL
• BLOCKQUOTE> < BODY > <DD> <FORM> <LI>
• Topic: < BODY > ... </BODY> document body
• Definition: The < BODY > ... </BODY> tag s delimit the
• None. Context: < BODY > ... </ BODY> is legal within:
• be used within < BODY > ... </ BODY> < ADDRESS >
• style/usage: < BODY > ... </BODY> has only one use:
• HTML . Example: < BODY >This document has a fairly thin body
• has a fairly thin body.
• within a document body . Example: <CODE> 10 x=1<BR>
• BLOCKQUOTE> < BODY > <FORM> The following markup can
• </HEAD> < BODY > </BODY> </HTML>
• BLOCKQUOTE> < BODY > <FORM> <PRE> No markup
• and footer from the body -- the <HR> tag can add a lot to a
• ... </HTML> < BODY > <HEAD> Suggested style/usage:
• BLOCKQUOTE> < BODY > <DD> <FORM> <HEAD>
• to set it off from the body text. Example: To get a directory from a
• growing and changing body of information. Information about any and
  is legal within: < BODY > The following markup can be used
• <BIG>, < BODY TEXT>, <CAPTION>, <CITE>,
• Topic: < BODY > Document Body Definition: Encloses
• . Context: < BODY > is legal within: < HTML > The
• be used within < BODY > <A>, <ABBREV>, <
• : REQUIRED The < BODY > tag contains all of the information
• Web browser . The < BODY > tag is not a required element ,
• </HEAD> < BODY BACKGROUND =graphics/logo. gif > The
• gif > The body of text.</BODY> </HTML>
• Topic: < BODY TEXT> Body Text Definition: An optional
• text within the < BODY > tag. Is used to structurally separate
• separate the main body of a document from the < ADDRESS >,
• BLOCKQUOTE>, < BODY >, <BQ> The following markup can
• OPTIONAL Example: < BODY > <BODYTEXT> This is the body
• This is the body .<P> </BODYTEXT> < ADDRESS
• This is the body. This file is an example file.
• <HEAD>, < BODY > Suggested style/usage: Close Tag :
• </HEAD> < BODY >squaty body</BODY> </HTML>
• squaty body
• in the document body . It identifies the start of the marked
• in the document body . It identifies the end of the marked

• on the use of static boilerplate pages and use of the PRINT

• browser features. bookmark line browsers Print References:
• Telnet WAIS The Web Bookmark Veronica Print References: The Whole
• been with a series of bookmark s. It is also possible to do a search
• W3E References: bookmark A history lists is essentially a set
• essentially a set of bookmark s for a browser session.
• hotlist (also known as bookmark ) is a feature provided by many Web
• W3E References browser bookmark
• into your personal bookmark list by using the add (a) command,
• again, add it to your bookmark list. You can always delete it later,
• will speed access time Bookmark or Hotlist site URL storage So you can

• W3E References: LAN Boolean operators Search Engine Detail:
• a function to use Boolean operators to create sophisticated

• from words such as boot , which means something completely
• IEC W3E References: boot Compliant Provides more information about

• boot). W3E References: bootstrap loaders ROM Detail: The commonly used
• f rom " bootstrap loaders ," which were small

• URLs: Bash Features - Bourne Shell Features This section briefly
• in the standard Bourne shell should work with BASH. Unlike the
• to the earlier Bourne shell for interactive work, but inferior
• . W3E References: Bourne Shell CGI Perl TcL
• features of both Bourne shell and C shell. URLs: KORN Shell
• C shell , the simpler Bourne shell named after Steven Bourne of Bell

• translate, and to be a bridge to more complex computer languages.
• computer. It forms a bridge for the incoming information by

• is portable from one browser to another. In contrast, Netscape
• only with the Netscape browser and are therefore application dependent
• ] WWW Archie If your browser has forms capabilities, you can take
• irrespective of the browser or other client program utilized. URLs:
• software arises when browser manufacturers create additional HTML
• only users of their browser can access the specific feature.
• by a World Wide Web browser . Most browsers do not have audio
• capability of that browser . It is proposed for HTML version 3.0.
• Check whether your browser can display Netscape 1.1 / HTML 3 tags.
• Netscape A popular WWW browser Detail: If you would like to become a
• URL s stored by a Web browser , but other utilities such as gopher
• in several popular browser s. How do I organize bookmarks I use
• menus? W3E References: Browser features A review of popular browser s
• A review of popular browser s and their features. URLs URL s are
• the failure of a HTML browser to properly reference another page .
• server and a client browser involving forms , queries and other
• is a table, if your browser does not display tables, you may see
• a regular graphic on a browser by being highlighted by a box.
• pages with a graphical browser can use these at all. For that reason,
• refers to the Web browser (such as Netscape or Mosaic ), but it
• servers, as when a browser requests that a file be reloaded or
• applications using the browser Netscape Navigator 1.1 Client pull
• requiring use of the browser Netscape 1.1 or over. W3E References:
• creating WWW documents browser An application which allows a user to
• type or version of WWW browser . The term compliance also appears when
• application such as a browser what type of data is about to be sent.
• is presented, the browser may need to call on a helper
• markup , and tell a browser that the text between the tags is
• hypertext HTML browser link Detail: What is a document A
• through a WWW browser , such as Mosaic or Netscape . The URL
• element informs the browser that the document is an index document
• of the form z123. Browser software may ignore this tag . RANGE
• information from a browser to a Web server . The other is
• up to the individual browser . URLs Macmillan's HTML Workshop An
• W3E References HTML browser
• with -ERROR-. URLs: Browser error messages A listing of browser
• messages A listing of browser error messages. Detail: Common Web
• Detail: Common Web browser error messages include the following:
• the use of a Web browser to perform the finger command.
• HTML tags so that a browser will display that text in a particular
• determined by the browser itself. W3E References: monospace
• end is an Internet browser , such as Mosaic or Netscape . Browsers
• . Most graphical browser s are designed to view both GIFs and
• sites accessed by a browser or other program during a session. Most
• of bookmark s for a browser session.
• any Web page through a browser like Mosaic or Netscape . If you're
• items from their browser 's hotlist, and later jump to a Web
• file. W3E References browser bookmark
• the Web server and the browser client . In Net jargon, it's often
• http documents from a browser client . The httpd handles the request
• viewed in a graphical browser , hyperlinks are usually colored and/or
• what type of browser the surfer is using, and even what type
• link is displayed by a browser in a color that is different from the
• the same on each browser ; instead, ISO 8879 provides the
• read the same by each browser . Along with ISO 8879, the ISO also
• The Netscape browser , which was partially developed by Marc
• the brightest star in browser cyberspace. However, some of the
• pages viewed with this browser , but critics point out that these tags
• Netscape Navigator browser . URLs: Sun's Java Web page For
• line browser A line browser (or line mode browser)
• line browser A line browser (or line mode browser) is a
• i.e., non-graphic) Web browser , such as the UNIX browser Lynx . URLs:
• such as the UNIX browser Lynx . URLs: User's Guide How to use
• to use the Line Mode Browser as a basic tool for Web applications.
• W3E References: lynx browser
• Lynx is the line WWW browser available on many UNIX machines on the
• MacWeb is a graphical browser designed for the Macintosh computer.
• the favored Macintosh browser , Netscape , it requires far less
• but highly useful browser . While the industry giants require
• to be the most popular browser for the Macintosh system. In order to
• MacWeb , a web browser that has received accolades from the
• ) program and tell a browser whether to perform a GET or a POST with
• that can be read by a browser ). The MIF file containing all the text
• interface Internet browser . It allows users to access information
• W3E References: browser gopher WAIS Detail: World Wide Web
• Detail: World Wide Web Browser s Not only is Mosaic one of the
• conjunction with a Web browser such as Netscape or Mosaic . A movie
• with using a browser to locate information on the WWW. In
• default home page of a browser . Learning to navigate, not just jump
• NCSA Mosaic , the browser that ushered in widespread use of the
• the most popular Web browser . URLs: Netscape Communications
• of the NCSA Mosaic browser for the Internet . The company has been
• widely used Web client browser , and associated server tools
• as text. The Netscape browser assigns .exe. and .bin files as
• for reading with a Web browser , translating the output of UNIX ftp
• instructions. A Web browser starts a new paragraph only when it
• communicates to the browser which file you wish to retrieve.
• document viewed on a browser is simple, albeit highly effective.
• which tells the browser to send the collected information to a
• Server, and Line Mode Browser Lists the platforms Supported by the
• and Line Mode Browser developed by CERN Yahoo: Computers and
• Unix users, but each browser is configured differently to
• have to obtain the browser version specific to his/her computer's
• and HotJava(tm) Browser Specific to users wishing to "
• W3E References: HTML browser line browser Detail: Procedural Markup
• HTML browser line browser Detail: Procedural Markup describes the
• a similar way by each browser . However, individual browsers may bold
• such as the Web Browser . Data is sent through T1/T3 networks
• materials viewed on a browser . Gopher -- A distributed information
• link is selected, the browser uses the current document 's URL to
• both the user and the browser , the relative link acts the same as a
• linked computer via a browser , or accessed through Gopher and some
• relationship is the browser . Since browsers differ in the methods
• has been made. The browser used to view and access information is
• is a World Wide Web browser . The HTTP connection consists of 1)
• even if your Web browser doesn't "support forms ",
• a Web page and your browser keeps telling you that the server is
• it does so, and the browser displays it, leaving the connection
• to be viewed using a browser , but setext browsers add features to
• tells a client browser the nature of a transferred file.
• that designation, the browser will save the file, display it, or
• Page Test whether your browser has a helper application to receive
• the Web browser supports transparency, that color will
• be replaced by the browser 's background color, whatever it may be
• for you if your Web browser doesn't support progressive display as
• the syntax varies from browser to browser, but usually starts with:
• When using a Web browser , this means it's better to cut and
• menu selection in your browser that will let you search your local
• to access it with your browser .
• lets you use your Web browser to access Usenet newsgroups without
• your favorite Web browser . Another Veronica Another nice HTML
• Web Win Web is a Web browser for Windows . It accomplishes the same
• (or any other Web browser ) by providing the user with a
• W3E References: Web Browser MacWeb Detail: Win Web is configured to
• Web pages Webification Browser GUI HTML httpd Print References: World
• of the first Web browser , Mosaic . Mosaic sported an impressive
• don't compare to a Web browser in terms of visual aesthetics and ease
• the Netscape Web browser , which many accepted as the definitive
• link on the Web , the browser opens the URL of the page you want.
• Although not all Web browser s will read every type of tag , a
• a site's URL; the Web browser automatically tracks it. The Web 's
• but don't have a Web browser , the Web is accessible by telnet at
• underlined in a Web Browser ) or in URL s (uniform resource
• that supports a Web browser ). With this disc in your computer's
• CD-ROM drive and a Web browser , you have access to all of the
• World Wide Web . Your Browser at its Best Throughout this work, you
• on your Web browser to return to the preceding page . Stale
• need to consult your browser 's Help files or documentation for
• requires a graphical browser with imagemap support difficult to
• viewing it through a browser ), before inflicting it on your viewing
• document viewed in a browser that requests information from the user
• to send back to the browser . The complicated programming required
• becoming a WebMaster . Browser Usage Learn to use your
• use its URL . Your Web browser has the built-in capability to capture
• be aware of what your browser can and cannot do. Can you spawn
• If you know what your browser can do, only then can you decide if you
• copy of your previous browser . That way, you'll have a sure-fire way
• available for your browser . If you prepare for multimedia and a
• is displayed as the browser and server interact. Once you select a
• you need to stop the browser and try again. Sometimes Internet
• load activity, the browser usually displays the text content with
• first page , use the browser 's back button to reload the document
• on the client 's browser . markup - the tags that control the
• entities . When a browser encounters a tag that it doesn't
• the tag causes a browser error in this case, the error causes
• the error causes the browser to halt document display or even may
• or even may cause the browser to freeze (possibly forcing the user to
• in this case, the browser interprets the tag as another valid tag
• display or even browser lock-up. As you write HTML documents
• recommend obtaining a browser that is at least HTML 2.0 DTD compliant
• . If you use a browser that supports tables, HTML 3.0, Java
• interpreted by a browser . The most basic structure for a Web
• is what tells a Web browser to interpret the file as HTML and not
• HTML Tags If your browser cannot display tables, please use the
• comments; ignored by browser Document Structure Basic document
• of a resource for the browser to execute as an action in response to
• attribute tells the browser how to interact with the service
• . If GET is used, the browser constructs a query URL that consists of
• and other objects. The browser sends this query URL to the target URL
• If POST is used, the browser sends a copy of the form's contents to
• block produces no browser output, other than a document title ,
• See the title in the Browser title bar above.
• to the width of the browser 's view area -- indenting itself from
• make clickable) if the browser has no graphics capability, or graphics
• indicates that the browser client should allow index searches with
• requiring human (not browser ) action to follow. NAME="text"
• helps to instruct the browser as to the best methods to access the
• to guide the browser 's action). Context: < LINK > is
• rendered in bold by a browser . Attributes: None. Context: <
• page frame of a browser program on-screen (80 is the typical
• the title bar in the browser 's window on the user's computer screen
• COMPACT instructs the browser to render this list with only a minimal
• comments; ignored by browser Attributes: none. Context: <!-- ...
• This line tells the browser to include the words "Protected
• Topic: Browser Features Web browsers are an essential
• Locating the right browser is an important task you should
• undertake. The browser you choose will inevitably bias your
• When selecting a browser there are a few key features you need
• for when selecting a browser . Required Features HTML 2.0 DTD
• multitasking with your browser URLs: Web Browsers [PC Magazine]
• [PC Magazine] Yahoo's Browser Index World Wide Web Browsers W3E
• The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide default minimum
• you don't want the browser to automatically wrap lines. You can
• viewing area of a Web browser . The < BODY > tag is not a
• The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide default minimum
• you don't want the browser to automatically wrap lines. You can
• The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide default minimum
• The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide default minimum
• you don't want the browser to automatically wrap lines. You can
• The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide default minimum
• The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide default minimum
• The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide default minimum
• The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide default minimum
• The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide default minimum
• you don't want the browser to automatically wrap lines. You can
• The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide default minimum
• indicates that the browser client should allow index searches with
• The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide default minimum
• The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide default minimum
• The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide default minimum
• The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide default minimum
• you don't want the browser to automatically wrap lines. You can
• The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide default minimum
• rendered in bold by a browser . Attributes: ID An SGML identifier
• overrides any browser defined styles. Example: <STYLE
• The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide default minimum
• you don't want the browser to automatically wrap lines. You can
• you don't want the browser to automatically wrap lines. You can
• you don't want the browser to automatically wrap lines. You can
• you don't want the browser to automatically wrap lines. You can
• The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide default minimum

• a product to flush out bugs that weren't found during in-house lab
• corrects some earlier bugs and adds extra features, such as line
• find errors, so-called bugs , in the source code of a program. The
• W3E References: bugs
• you find the kinks and bugs before the world sees them. Run it by the

• UL> Unordered list Bulleted list of elements <MENU> ... <
• list typically is a bulleted list of items. HTML 3.0 gives you the